José E. Rayas-Sánchez, J. Apolinar Reynoso-Hernández
IMAGE LICENSED BY INGRAM PUBLISHING
We present, in this article, an up-to-date general and brief scan of the main research activities in RF and microwaves in Latin America. First, we geographically identify the main research and development clusters in RF and microwaves in this large region of the world. We next describe the most recent and representative research work developed in the most active Latin American countries in this technical field, namely, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Puerto Rico. To develop this updated survey of RF and microwaves in Latin America, we started by considering previous similar reviews available in the literature [1], [2], including some focused on specific Latin American countries [3], [4]. In our review, we essentially focus on the past five or six years of scientific research production. Given the synergistic relationship between the IEEE Microwave Theory and Technology Society (MTT-S) and the level of activities and maturity in RF and microwaves, we finalize our article by summarizing the status as well as the main challenges and opportunities for the MTT-S in Latin America.
Latin America encompasses all the countries of the American continent in which the Romance languages are predominantly spoken (mainly Spanish, Portuguese, and French). It includes 26 countries (20 sovereign states), with more than 656 million inhabitants distributed in a very large geographical zone with an area of almost 20 × 106 km2. Fewer than half of those 26 Latin American countries concentrate on the most advanced engineering and industrial development. More specifically, the main clusters of activities on RF and microwave engineering are geographically distributed as illustrated in Figure 1, where it is seen that only nine countries in the region have significant activities in these technical fields. In the following sections, we briefly mention the main RF and microwave research lines currently developed in those countries.
Figure 1. The geographical distribution of the main clusters of RF and microwaves activities in Latin America. Most of the relevant work in the field is realized in nine countries (out of 26). Updated from [1].
Research activities on RF and microwaves in Argentina are mainly focused on satellite-based navigation systems [5], [6], multiport modulators [7], sensors [8], radiometers [9], [10], metrology, and calibrations [11]. These research activities are mainly conducted by the following organizations: the National University of La Plata [5], [6], [7], the National Technological University [8], [11], the National University of Cordova [10], and the National Commission of Space Activities [9].
Brazil is the Latin American country with more research groups in RF and microwaves. Brazil also has the largest number of MTT-S Chapters and members. Since 1985, Brazil has organized the biannual Brazilian Microwave and Optoelectronics Society (SBMO)/MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference, sponsored by the SBMO and the MTT-S.
Excluding the areas of optics and optoelectronics, where Brazil has a strong research tradition, the research scope on RF and microwaves covered by Brazilian institutions is very broad. It includes antennas [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [23], specific absorption rate studies [17], [18], frequency-selective surfaces (FSSs) [19], [20], [21], defected ground structures [22], metamaterials [23], [24], wireless power transfer [16], [25], [26], power transmission line monitoring [27], [28], low-cost radars for human movement detection [29], [30], CAD techniques [29], [30], [31], [32], low-cost RFID technologies [33], [34], negative group delay circuits [35], [36], [37], [38], electromagnetic field analysis, and waveguide component design [39], [40], [41], [42], [43].
The main most active Brazilian institutions developing research on RF and microwaves are listed in alphabetical order in the following, citing some of their most recent and representative research contributions (see the preceding paragraph to identify the corresponding technical areas):
Giving a more detailed description of the research work developed at each of the preceding 17 Brazilian institutions falls beyond the scope and space limits of the present article. For the sake of brevity, we illustrate, in Figure 2, an example of the laboratory research resources available at PUC-Rio. Figure 3 shows a microwave research laboratory facility at the UFCG.
Figure 2. Some of the research laboratory facilities at PUC-Rio: (a) a planar antenna in an anechoic chamber and (b) graduate students in front of the anechoic chamber. (Source: Prof. Guilherme Simon da Rosa; used with permission.)
Figure 3. The setup for the measurement of a magneto–dielectric antenna in an anechoic chamber at the UFCG. (Source: Prof. Glauco Fontgalland; used with permission.)
Chile has a well-established tradition in scientific activities related to astronomy. The most outstanding research on RF and microwaves in Chile is mainly focused on microwave integrated circuits for radio astronomy [44], [45], remote sensing [46], radio imaging [47], nanosatellite systems [48], and antennas [49], [50], [51], [52].
The main Chilean institutions doing research on the preceding topics include the University of Chile [44], [45], [48], [50], the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile [47], the Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaiso [44], [51], [52], the University of Concepción los Ángeles [46], and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory [44], [49].
Colombia was the host country of the most recent edition of the MTT-S Latin America Microwave Conference (LAMC), celebrated in a virtual format from the city of Cali, in May 2021. Most of the research work on RF and microwaves in this country is concentrated in four Colombian institutions, as briefly described in the following.
The Research Group GINTEL at the Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia, at Sogamoso, engages in research mainly on wideband RF and microwave power amplifiers and digital predistortion systems [53], [54], [55], [56].
The National University of Colombia, in Bogota, mainly researches tunable FSSs, metamaterials, and antennas [57], [58], [59].
Icesi University, in Cali, and Francisco de Paula Santander University, in Santander, mainly focus on wireless sensor networks and rural wireless broadband propagation models [60], [61] (see Figure 4).
Figure 4. The transmitter used to validate propagation models of TV white space technology for wireless broadband in the Colombian rain forest [60]. (Source: Prof. Andrés Navarro-Cadavid; used with permission.)
Costa Rica is an emerging country in the arena of RF and microwave engineering. Its research in this field mainly concentrates on antenna design [62], [63], microwave CAD techniques [64], [65], signal integrity and high-speed interconnects [65], [66], microwave plasma heating [67], solar radio bursts [68], and microwave virtual education [69]. The principal institutions engaging in research in these fields are the Technological Institute of Costa Rica [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], the University of Costa Rica [62], [68], and the Distance State University of Costa Rica [69].
The University of the Armed Forces, in Sangolqui, and the San Francisco University of Quito, in Quito, are the two main institutions working on research in RF and microwaves in Ecuador. They mainly focus on passive waveguide components design [70], with an emphasis on substrate integrated waveguide technologies [71].
Mexico was the host country of the first edition of the LAMC, held in Puerto Vallarta, in December 2016 [72]. The main research groups on RF and microwaves in Mexico are located in four institutions: the Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), in Baja California; the Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute at Guadalajara (CINVESTAV-Guadalajara); the National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics, and Electronics (INAOE), in Puebla; and ITESO, The Jesuit University of Guadalajara.
The CICESE is the Mexican institution with the longest tradition in RF and microwaves. It carries out research along two main lines: power amplifier characterization and microwave metrology [73], [74], [75], [76] and planar sensors for materials monitoring and characterization [77], [78], [79], [80]. Figure 5 presents some of the measurement equipment available at the Laboratory of RF and Microwave in the Applied Physics Division at the CICESE. Figure 6 depicts an experimental setting for materials characterization.
Figure 5. The CICESE Laboratory of RF and Microwave time-domain low-frequency active harmonic load pull system for characterizing (a) packaged power transistors and (b) on-wafer transistors. (Source: Prof. Apolinar Reynoso-Hernández; used with permission.)
Figure 6. Experimental measurements using a resonant sensor of solvent liquids and air (1-air, 2-ethanol, 3-methanol, 4-isobutanol, 5-isopropyl alcohol, and 6-acetonitrile). SUT: sample under test. (Source: Prof. Humberto Lobato, CICESE; used with permission.)
CINVESTAV-Guadalajara focuses its research on microwave transistor modeling (linear and nonlinear) as applied to the design of power amplifiers [81], [82], including the development of behavioral models for power amplifiers [83]. It also carries out research on filters and diplexers [84] as well as on the design of RF active circuits using X-parameters [85], [86]. Figure 7 displays some of the equipment available at CINVESTAV-Guadalajara to characterize microwave transistors.
Figure 7. Test benches to characterize RF and microwave field-effect transistors at CINVESTAV-Guadalajara: (a) pulsed I/V, (b) one- and two-tone tests, and (c) load pull. (Source: Prof. Raúl Loo-Yau; used with permission.)
The INAOE is another Mexican public research center, and it has had prominent activities in RF and microwaves for more than 30 years. Its research mainly focuses on the measurement, modeling, and characterization of semiconductor devices as well as passive components for integrated circuits [87], [88], [89], printed circuit boards [90], [91], [92] [93], antennas [94], and microstrip filters [95]. The INAOE’s laboratory [96] is equipped with two advanced vector network analyzers (VNAs) (see Figure 8), one capable of two-port measurements up to 67 GHz and the other able to perform four-port measurements in the 10-MHz–70-GHz range as well as two-port measurements up to 110 GHz.
Figure 8. Advanced VNAs available at the INAOE, one capable of two-port measurements up to 67 GHz and the other able to perform four-port measurements in the 10-MHz–70-GHz range as well as two-port measurements up to 110 GHz. (Source: Prof. Roberto S. Murphy; used with permission.)
ITESO, The Jesuit University of Guadalajara, focuses its research on CAD techniques for RF and microwave modeling, design, and optimization of circuits and systems, most of it in close collaboration with local industry [97], [98]. More specifically, ITESO develops research on design optimization methods [99], [100], [101], surrogate-based approaches [102], [103], neuronal analog fault identification [104], and space mapping techniques [105], [106], [107], [108], with an emphasis on applications to signal integrity and high-speed interconnects [109], [110], postsilicon validation of high-speed computer platforms, [111], [112], [113], power delivery networks, and power integrity [114], [115].
The most active researchers on RF and microwaves in this country are at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru [116], [117], in Lima; San Pablo Catholic University [118], [119], [120], in Arequipa; and the National University of Saint Agustin [121], [122], also in Arequipa. Their research mainly focuses on microwave transistor modeling [121], power amplifiers [122], radar imagining, and sensing [116], [117] as well as in antennas [118], microwave sensors for materials characterization [119], [120] and cancer detection [123]. The second edition of the LAMC took place in Peru, at the Catholic University San Pablo, in December 2018 [124]; Figure 9 illustrates some of the microwave laboratory resources at this university.
Figure 9. Some of the laboratory facilities available at San Pablo Catholic University: (a) an anechoic chamber and (b) a characterization system for dielectric samples. (Source: Prof. Patricia Castillo-Araníbar; used with permission.)
The University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez is the Puerto Rican institution with the most prominent research activities on RF and microwaves. It does research mainly on antennas and radar systems as well as on small radiometers for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing (see Figure 10), with applications to weather forecasting, agriculture, and water resource management, among others [125], [126], [127].
Figure 10. Microwave remote sensing in Puerto Rico: (a) a UAV carrying a microwave radiometer while flying over Magueyes Island and (b) the brightness temperature measured with a radiometer during a field campaign at Magueyes Island [125]; the circle size represents the antenna footprint. (Source: Prof. Raúl Rodríguez-Solís; used with permission.)
The current MTT-S Chapters located in Region 9 are shown in Figure 11. There is a total of 14 MTT-S Chapters in Latin America, located in four countries: Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Peru. Of those MTT-S Chapters, five are Student Branch Chapters, and three are Joint Chapters with other technical societies (see Figure 11). Their geographical distribution is indicated in Figure 12.
Figure 11. The current MTT-S Chapters in Region 9, located in four Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Peru. C: IEEE Computer Society; COM: IEEE Communications Society; PE: IEEE Power & Energy Society; SP: IEEE Signal Processing Society; ED: IEEE Electron Devices Society; EMB: IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society; AP: IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society; UFCG: Universidade Federal do Campina Grande; IFBA: Instituto Federal da Bahia Campus Vitoria da Conquista; UFERSA: Universidade Federal Rural do Semi Arido; UNSA: Universidad Nacional de San Agustín; BUAP: Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.
Figure 12. The geographical distribution of MTT-S Chapters in Region 9. Most of the Chapters are located in Brazil and Mexico. (Source: https://www.mtt.org/chapters-by-region/?region=Latin+America#.)
MTT-S membership in Region 9 is relatively small; however, it has been consistently growing over the past three years, as confirmed in Figure 13.
Figure 13. The evolution of the MTT-S membership in Region 9 over the past three years. (Source: IEEE Organizational Unit Analytics.)
A key regional initiative that was approved by the MTT-S Administrative Committee in 2015 was the establishment of the LAMC. This is a biannual conference that normally takes place in the first or second week of December, moving around to different locations in Latin American countries. It has a general scope on RF and microwave engineering and technologies, and it is technically and financially sponsored by the MTT-S (see Figure 14). The LAMC has significantly motivated the development of local RF and microwave research activities and increased MTT-S membership in Latin America. The next LAMC is scheduled to take place in San Jose, Costa Rica, in December 2023.
Figure 14. The official logo of the flagship MTT-S Region 9 conference on RF and microwaves, the LAMC.
Among the main challenges and opportunities identified for the MTT-S in Region 9, the following can be highlighted:
An updated overall survey of the main research activities on RF and microwaves in Latin America has been presented in this article. The special sessions that have been implemented in prior MTT-S International Microwave Symposia and European Microwave Conferences, along with the previous editions of the LAMC, were instrumental for identifying our own research efforts in the region. The information provided in this article confirms notable progress in the level of research activities on RF and microwave engineering in Latin America over the past decade, both in terms of quantity and quality. We hope that the present article promotes higher visibility of the research efforts undertaken in this geographical region as well as further collaborations not only among Latin American institutions but also worldwide. We firmly believe that progressing in education, research, and industrial development on RF and microwaves in the region will promote more harmonized economic development in our Latin American countries.
[1] J. E. Rayas-Sánchez and Z. Brito-Brito, “Academic and industrial research activities on RF and microwaves in Latin America: An overview,” in Proc. Eur. Microw. Conf. (EuMC), Nuremberg, Germany, Oct. 2017, pp. 536–539.
[2] R. Murphy et al., “R&D in Latin America: RF and microwave research in Latin America,” IEEE Microw. Mag., vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 97–103, May 2014, doi: 10.1109/MMM.2014.2302660.
[3] R. Murphy and R. Torres, “MTT world: Microwave engineering in Mexico,” IEEE Microw. Mag., vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 152–148, Oct. 2010, doi: 10.1109/MMM.2010.937724.
[4] J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, D. Pasquet, B. Szendrenyi, and M. S. Gupta, “MTT-S Mexico trip: Addressing the RF and microwave community in Mexico,” IEEE Microw. Mag., vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 104–107, Aug. 2015, doi: 10.1109/MMM.2015.2431240.
[5] E. A. Marranghelli, R. L. La Valle, and P. A. Roncagliolo, “Simple and effective GNSS spatial processing using a low-cost compact antenna array,” IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 3479–3491, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TAES.2021.3082669.
[6] R. L. La Valle, J. G. García, and P. A. Roncagliolo, “A dual-band RF front-end architecture for accurate and reliable GPS receivers,” in Proc. IEEE/MTT-S Int. Microw. Symp. Dig., Philadelphia, PA, USA, Jun. 2018, pp. 995–998, doi: 10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439851.
[7] A. J. Venere, J. I. Fernandez-Michelli, M. Hurtado, and C. H. Muravchik, “Design of a multiport microwave modulator for dynamic polarization reconfiguration,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 1937–1945, May 2019, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2019.2899327.
[8] M. D. Perez et al., “Microwave sensors for new approach in monitoring hip fracture healing,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Antennas Propag. (EUCAP), Paris, France, Mar. 2017, pp. 1838–1842, doi: 10.23919/EuCAP.2017.7928698.
[9] A. Colliander et al., “Seasonal dependence of SMAP radiometer-based soil moisture performance as observed over core validation sites,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Geosci. Remote Sens. Symp. (IGARSS), Yokohama, Japan, Jul./Aug. 2019, pp. 5320–5323, doi: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8899007.
[10] A. Alasgah, M. Jacob, and L. Jones, “Hurricane imaging radiometer (HIRAD) wind speed retrieval using radar rain rate,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Geosci. Remote Sens. Symp. (IGARSS), Fort Worth, TX, USA, Jul. 2017, pp. 2148–2151, doi: 10.1109/IGARSS.2017.8127411.
[11] V. Pertierra et al., “Development of an automatic passive coaxial load pull tuner,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Arequipa, Peru, Dec. 2018, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/LAMC.2018.8699078.
[12] C. C. R. de Albuquerque, A. Gomes Neto, A. M. de Oliveira, G. K. d. F. Serres, and A. J. R. Serres, “Triple RSIW fed antipodal Vivaldi antenna for bandwidth improvement,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Antennas Propag. (EuCAP), Dusseldorf, Germany, Mar. 2021, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.23919/EuCAP51087.2021.9411414.
[13] R. A. Penchel, S. R. Zang, J. R. Bergmann, and F. J. S. Moreira, “Design of wideband omnidirectional dual-reflector antennas in millimeter waves,” IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 906–910, May 2019, doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2019.2905602.
[14] T. S. Mota and L. C. Kretly, “Plasma antenna for electromagnetic compatibility in vehicular application: Design consideration,” in Proc. SBMO/IEEE MTT-S Int. Microw. Optoelectron. Conf. (IMOC), Fortaleza, Brazil, Oct. 2021, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/IMOC53012.2021.9624891.
[15] A. P. Costa, G. Fontgalland, A. G. Neto, and A. S. B. Sombra, “YIG matrix based multiband magneto-dielectric cylindrical resonator antenna,” J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 348–358, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1590/2179-10742021v20i21067.
[16] E. L. Chuma, Y. Iano, and L. L. B. Roger, “Ultra-wide band rectenna design with discone antenna and rectifier with high impedance inductor,” in Proc. Int. Symp. Instrum. Syst. Circuits Transducers (INSCIT), Campinas, Brazil, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.1109/INSCIT49950.2021.9557256.
[17] C. Fernández-Rodríguez, G. Bulla, N. Soares, G. Fulgêncio, and A. A. de Salles, “Review of low SAR antennas for mobile applications,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Antennas Propag. (EuCAP), Dusseldorf, Germany, Mar. 2021, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.23919/EuCAP51087.2021.9411305.
[18] G. Bulla, A. De-Salles, and C. Fernández-Rodríguez, “Novel monopole antenna on a single AMC cell for low SAR,” Int. J. Microw. Wireless Technol., vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 825–830, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1017/S1759078720000458.
[19] B. S. da-Silva, A. L. Pereira-de-Siqueira-Campos, M. E. Tavares-Sousa, A. Gomes-Neto, and H. D. de Andrade, “A tri‐band complementary frequency selective surface with very closely spaced resonances,” IET Microw. Antennas Propag., vol. 16, no. 8, pp. 519–525, May 2022, doi: 10.1049/mia2.12262.
[20] L. C. M. M. Fontoura, H. W. de-Castro-Lins, A. S. Bertuleza, A. G. D’assunção, and A. Gomes-Neto, “Synthesis of multiband frequency selective surfaces using machine learning with the decision tree algorithm,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 85,785–85,794, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3086777.
[21] T. S. Bezerra, R. V. Lira, A. L. Campos, A. Gomes-Neto, and J. P. da-Silva, “Application of electromagnetic bandgap in frequency selective surfaces for suppression of higher‐order modes,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 538–543, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1002/mop.32614.
[22] A. Gomes-Neto, J. Costa e Silva, I. B. Grécia-Coutinho, S. S. Camilo-Filho, D. Araújo-Santos, and B. L. Cavalcanti-de-Albuquerque, “A defected ground structure based on Matryoshka geometry,” J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 284–293, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.1590/2179-10742022v21i2256115.
[23] G. M. B. Silva and L. C. Kretly, “Electromagnetic shielding of a Bluetooth antenna for electric vehicles applying metamaterial structures,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Microw. Antennas Commun. Electron. Syst. (COMCAS), Tel Aviv, Israel, Nov. 2021, pp. 403–407, doi: 10.1109/COMCAS52219.2021.9629035.
[24] J. V. de Almeida and R. S. Feitoza, “Metamaterial-enhanced magnetic coupling: An inductive wireless power transmission system assisted by metamaterial-based µ-negative lenses,” IEEE Microw. Mag., vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 95–100, Jun. 2018, doi: 10.1109/MMM.2018.2813858.
[25] A. F. Jaimes, F. L. Cabrera, and F. R. de Sousa, “Characterization of high-Q inductors up to its self-resonance frequency for wireless power transfer applications,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 1071–1073, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2018.2876770.
[26] F. L. Cabrera and F. R. de Sousa, “Backscatter Efficiency modeling of inductive links applied to wireless power transfer systems,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 2386–2392, May 2018, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2017.2776911.
[27] V. L. Tarrago et al., “Cascade modeling of the measuring system used to assess S-parameters of anchor rods on power transmission lines guyed towers,” J. Microw. Optoelectron. Electromagn. Appl., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 35–47, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.1590/2179-10742022v21i1253757.
[28] B. A. Kleinau et al., “Application of the base transceiver station with smart antennas in the power distribution sector,” Int. J. Antennas Propag., vol. 2021, Jun. 2021, Art. no. 6621116, doi: 10.1155/2021/6621116.
[29] E. L. Chuma and Y. Iano, “Human movement recognition system using CW doppler radar sensor with FFT and convolutional neural network,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Cali, Colombia, May 2021, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/LAMC50424.2021.9602484.
[30] E. L. Chuma and Y. Iano, “A movement detection system using continuous-wave doppler radar sensor and convolutional neural network to detect cough and other gestures,” IEEE Sensors J., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 2921–2928, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2020.3028494.
[31] D. L. de Melo et al., “Optimization of an array of smart antennas using PSO for the monitoring of electrical power switches,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Cali, Colombia, May 2021, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/LAMC50424.2021.9602041.
[32] M. M. Alves et al., “A novel iterative method to estimate the soil complex permittivity from measurement and simulation modeling,” in Proc. IEEE Radio Wireless Symp. (RWS), San Diego, CA, USA, Jan. 2021, pp. 76–79, doi: 10.1109/RWS50353.2021.9360397.
[33] V. L. Gomes Mota, L. P. Boaventura, V. P. R. Magri, T. N. Ferreira, L. J. de Matos, and V. N. H. Silva, “Simulation and fabrication of a low-cost RFID reader,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Cali, Colombia, May 2021, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/LAMC50424.2021.9602837.
[34] R. B. Di Renna, R. Brasil, V. P. Magri, T. Ferreira, and L. J. Matos, “Design and simulation of broadband UHF microstrip meander antennas for an RFID reader,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Cali, Colombia, May 2021, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/LAMC50424.2021.9602736.
[35] M. Guerin et al., “Theory and original design of resistive-inductive network high-pass negative group delay integrated circuit in 130-nm CMOS technology,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 27,147–27,161, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3157381.
[36] B. Ravelo et al., “Original application of stop-band negative group delay microwave passive circuit for two-step stair phase shifter designing,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 1493–1508, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3138371.
[37] R. Vauché et al., “Bandpass NGD time- domain experimental test of double-Li microstrip circuit,” IEEE Des. Test, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 121–128, Apr. 2022, doi: 10.1109/MDAT.2021.3103457.
[38] X. Zhou et al., “Analytical design of dual-band negative group delay circuit with multi-coupled lines,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 72,749–72,756, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2988096.
[39] J. R. Gonçalves, G. S. Rosa, and F. L. Teixeira, “Perturbation solution for anisotropic circular waveguides loaded with eccentric rods,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 32, no. 8, pp. 935–938, Aug. 2022, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3163844.
[40] G. S. Rosa, “A robust method for solving the modal fields in radially unbounded cylindrical waveguides with two layers under extreme conductive conditions,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 70, no. 7, pp. 5841–5848, Jul. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2022.3161322.
[41] J. R. Gonçalves, G. S. Rosa, and F. L. Teixeira, “Perturbative analysis of anisotropic coaxial waveguides with small eccentricities via conformal transformation optics,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 69, no. 9, pp. 3958–3966, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2021.3091696.
[42] L. Saavedra, G. S. Rosa, and J. R. Bergmann, “A combined mode-matching technique and born approximation method to model well-logging sensors in non-axisymmetric boreholes,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 84,364–84,374, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3086769.
[43] A. L. dos-Santos-Lima, G. S. Rosa, and J. R. Bergmann, “A mode-matching solution for the study of cylindrical waveguide bifurcation via closed-form coupling integrals,” AEU – Int. J. Electron. Commun., vol. 118, May 2020, Art. no. 153135, doi: 10.1016/j.aeue.2020.153135.
[44] D. Monasterio, N. Castro, J. Pizarro, F. Pizarro, and F. P. Mena, “A mode-suppressing metasurface for large-width MMICs suitable for tightly packaged millimeter and submillimeter heterodyne receivers,” IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol., vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 712–715, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TTHZ.2021.3105580.
[45] D. Monasterio, C. Jarufe, D. Gallardo, N. Reyes, F. P. Mena, and L. Bronfman, “A compact sideband separating downconverter with excellent return loss and good conversion gain for the W band,” IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol., vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 572–580, Nov. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TTHZ.2019.2937955.
[46] K. Salazar and G. Staub, “Remote sensing based analysis of changes in water quality - Case study at Quintero Bay (Chile),” in Proc. IEEE Int. Geosci. Remote Sens. Symp. (IGARSS), Brussels, Belgium, Jul. 2021, pp. 7627–7630, doi: 10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9554565.
[47] K. L. Smith et al., “BAT AGN spectroscopic survey-XV: The high frequency radio cores of ultra-hard X-ray selected AGN,” Monthly Notices Roy. Astronomical Soc., vol. 492, no. 3, pp. 4216–4234, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1093/mnras/stz3608.
[48] T. Gutierrez, A. Bergel, C. E. Gonzalez, C. J. Rojas, and M. A. Diaz, “Toward applying fuzz testing techniques on the SUCHAI nanosatellites flight software,” in Proc. IEEE Congreso Bienal de Argentina (ARGENCON), Resistencia, Argentina, Dec. 2020, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/ARGENCON49523.2020.9505388.
[49] D. Gallardo, D. Monasterio, R. Finger, F. P. Mena, and L. Bronfman, “A compact metamaterial-based antenna for multiband phased array applications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 69, no. 12, pp. 8872–8877, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2021.3090861.
[50] C. Jarufe et al., “Optimized corrugated tapered slot antenna for mm-wave applications,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 1227–1235, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2018.2797534.
[51] M. Cuevas, F. Pizarro, A. Leiva, G. Hermosilla, and D. Yunge, “Parametric study of a fully 3D-printed dielectric resonator antenna loaded with a metallic cap,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 73,771–73,779, May 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3081068.
[52] F. Pizarro, R. Salazar, E. Rajo-Iglesias, M. Rodríguez, S. Fingerhuth, and G. Hermosilla, “Parametric study of 3D additive printing parameters using conductive filaments on microwave topologies,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 106,814–106,823, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2932912.
[53] J. J. Moreno-Rubio, R. Quaglia, A. Piacibello, V. Camarchia, P. J. Tasker, and S. Cripps, “3–20-GHz GaN MMIC power amplifier design through a COUT compensation strategy,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 469–472, May 2021, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2021.3066282.
[54] B. Bernardo, H. Fernández, V. M. R. Peñarrocha, J. Reig, and L. Rubio, “Experimental Rician K-factor characterization in a laboratory environment at the 25 to 40 GHz frequency band,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Antennas Propag. North Amer. Radio Sci. Meeting, Montreal, QC, Canada, Jul. 2020, pp. 1121–1122, doi: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9329738.
[55] J. J. Moreno-Rubio, R. Quaglia, A. Baddeley, P. J. Tasker, and S. C. Cripps, “Design of a broadband power amplifier based on power and efficiency contour estimation,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 772–774, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2020.3005833.
[56] J. J. Moreno Rubio, V. Camarchia, M. Pirola, and R. Quaglia, “Design of an 87% fractional bandwidth Doherty power amplifier supported by a simplified bandwidth estimation method,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 1319–1327, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2017.2767586.
[57] F. Vega, F. Albarracin-Vargas, C. Kasmi, and F. Alyafei, “Passband tunable frequency selective surface for a pulsed radiator,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Antennas Propag. North Amer. Radio Sci. Meeting, Montreal, QC, Canada, Jul. 2020, pp. 275–276, doi: 10.1109/IEEECONF35879.2020.9330440.
[58] J. D. Baena, J. P. del Risco, and A. C. Escobar, “Broadband uniaxial dielectric-magnetic metamaterial with giant anisotropy factor,” in Proc. Int. Cong. Artif. Mater. Novel Wave Phenomena (Metamater.), New York, NY, USA, Sep. 2020, pp. 367–369, doi: 10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9284987.
[59] F. Vega-Stavro and F. Albarracín-Vargas, “Variable impedance feed structure for impulse radiating antenna,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Electromagn. Adv. Appl. (ICEAA), Granada, Spain, Sep. 2019, pp. 1381–1381, doi: 10.1109/ICEAA.2019.8879411.
[60] A. Navarro, L. Vargas, D. Guevara, D. Parada, C. Amu, and C. G. Rego, “Propagation models trials for TV white spaces in Colombian rain forest,” in Proc. Eur. Conf. Antennas Propag. (EuCAP), Madrid, Spain, Mar. 2022, pp. 1–5, doi: 10.23919/EuCAP53622.2022.9769611.
[61] F. F. Jurado-Lasso, K. Clarke, A. Navarro-Cadavid, and A. Nirmalathas, “Energy-aware routing for software-defined multihop wireless sensor networks,” IEEE Sensors J., vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 10,174–10,182, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3059789.
[62] M. Ruphuy and C. Saavedra, “Long-slot traveling-wave antenna exhibiting low squint-angle variation over frequency,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 70, no. 9, pp. 7878–7884, Sep. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TAP.2022.3168346.
[63] R. Coto-Salazar and R. Rimolo-Donadio, “Design of a 4G/LTE multiband antenna considering curvature effects,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Arequipa, Peru, Dec. 2018, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/LAMC.2018.8699073.
[64] L. E. Carrera-Retana, M. Marin-Sanchez, C. Schuster, and R. Rimolo-Donadio, “Improving accuracy after stability enforcement in the Loewner matrix framework,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 1037–1047, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2021.3136234.
[65] L. E. Carrera-Retana, R. Rimolo-Donadio, and C. Schuster, “Efficient construction of interconnect passive macromodels through segmented analysis,” in Proc. IEEE Conf. Electr. Perf. Electron. Packag. Syst. (EPEPS), San Jose, CA, USA, Oct. 2018, pp. 265–267, doi: 10.1109/EPEPS.2018.8534236.
[66] J. Aparicio-Morales, G. Gamboa-González, R. Moraga-Mora, J. C. Rojas-Fernández, and R. Rimolo-Donadio, “Evaluation of a segmented approach to model PCB-based links of a PCIe bus,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Arequipa, Peru, Dec. 2018, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/LAMC.2018.8699051.
[67] R. Solano-Piedra et al., “Microwave heating scenarios using a full wave code on SCR-1 Stellarator,” in Proc. Latin Amer. Workshop Plasma Phys. (LAWPP), Mexico City, Mexico, Sep. 2017, pp. 79–82, doi: 10.1109/LAWPP.2017.8692192.
[68] K. L. Klein, P. Zucca, and C. S. Matamoros, “Radio tools for the forecasting of coronal mass ejections and solar energetic particles,” in Proc. General Assem. Scientific Symp. Int. Union Radio Sci. (URSI GASS), Montreal, QC, Canada, Aug. 2017, pp. 1–2.
[69] J. R. Santamaría-Sandoval and E. Chanto-Sánchcz, “Application of the EMONA TIMS platform for the Telecomunications Engineering career at UNED Costa Rica,” in Proc. Technol. Appl. Electron. Teaching Conf. (TAEE), Porto, Portugal, Jul. 2020, pp. 1–6, doi: 10.1109/TAEE46915.2020.9163778.
[70] R. Haro-Báez, D. Cisneros-Bustillos, and D. S. Benítez, “T-junction power divider design based on corporate feeding network in square waveguide technology,” in Proc. SBMO/IEEE MTT-S Int. Microw. Optoelectron. Conf. (IMOC), Fortaleza, Brazil, Oct. 2021, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/IMOC53012.2021.9624850.
[71] R. Haro-Báez, C. Jacome-Peñaherrera, and D. S. Benítez, “Optimization of branch-line hybrid couplers for Ku-band applications in SIW technology,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Cali, Colombia, May 2021, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/LAMC50424.2021.9602570.
[72] J. E. Rayas-Sánchez and G. E. Ponchak, “The first IEEE MTT-S Latin America microwave conference [Conference Report] ,” IEEE Microw. Mag., vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 128–131, Sep./Oct. 2017, doi: 10.1109/MMM.2017.2712067.
[73] J. A. Reynoso-Hernández et al., “Advances in microwave large-signal metrology: From vector-receiver load-pull to vector signal network analyzer and time-domain load-pull implementations,” Electronics, vol. 11, no. 7, Mar. 2022, Art. no. e1114, doi: 10.3390/electronics11071114.
[74] M. Molina-Ceseña, J. A. Reynoso-Hernández, M. A. Pulido-Gaytán, J. R. Loo-Yau, and M. C. Maya-Sánchez, “Experimental investigation of resistive–reactive Class-J mode using time-domain low-frequency active harmonic load-pull measurements,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 96–99, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2021.3113289.
[75] T. Niubó-Alemán, C. Liang, Y. Hahn, J. A. Reynoso-Hernández, J.-P. Teyssier, and P. Roblin, “Time-domain characterization and linearization of a dual-input power amplifier using a vector network analyzer as the receiver,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 2386–2398, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2021.3055812.
[76] J. A. Reynoso-Hernández, M. A. Pulido-Gaytán, R. Cuesta, J. R. Loo-Yau, and M. C. Maya-Sánchez, “Transmission line impedance characterization using an uncalibrated vector network analyzer,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 528–530, May 2020, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2020.2984377.
[77] D. Covarrubias-Martínez, H. Lobato-Morales, J. M. Ramírez-Cortés, and G. A. Álvarez-Botero, “Classification of plastic materials using machine-learning algorithms and microwave resonant sensor,” J. Electromagn. Waves Appl., vol. 36, no. 12, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.1080/09205071.2022.2043192.
[78] G. Acevedo-Osorio, E. Reyes-Vera, and H. Lobato-Morales, “Dual-band microstrip resonant sensor for dielectric measurement of liquid materials,” IEEE Sensors J., vol. 20, no. 22, pp. 13,371–13,378, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2020.3005185.
[79] H. Lobato-Morales, J. H. Choi, H. Lee, and J. L. Medina-Monroy, “Compact dielectric-permittivity sensors of liquid samples based on substrate-integrated-waveguide with negative-order-resonance,” IEEE Sensors J., vol. 19, no. 19, pp. 8694–8699, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2922137.
[80] E. Moctezuma-Pascual, G. Méndez-Jerónimo, Z. O. Rodríguez-Moré, H. Lobato-Morales, and R. Torres-Torres, “Microwave characterization of liquid samples through the systematic parameter extraction of the circuit equivalence for the Debye model,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 116–119, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2019.2952977.
[81] D. Ochoa-Armas et al., “A nonlinear empirical I/V model for GaAs and GaN FETs suitable to design power amplifiers,” Int. J. RF Microw. Comput.-Aided Eng., vol. 31, no. 3, Mar. 2021, Art. no. e22552, doi: 10.1002/mmce.22552.
[82] I. Lavandera-Hernández, J. R. Loo-Yau, J. A. Reynoso-Hernández, D. Ochoa-Armas, and P. Moreno, “Frequency-dependent design spaces for continuous mode class-J*/B/J PA,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. I, Reg. Papers, vol. 70, no. 1, pp. 203–213, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TCSI.2022.3208826.
[83] L. M. Aguilar-Lobo, J. R. Loo-Yau, J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, S. Ortega-Cisneros, P. Moreno, and J. A. Reynoso-Hernández, “Application of the NARX neural network as a digital predistortion technique for linearizing microwave power amplifiers,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 57, no. 9, pp. 2137–2142, Sep. 2015, doi: 10.1002/mop.29281.
[84] C. Perez-Wences, J. R. Loo-Yau, I. Lavandera-Hernandez, P. Moreno, J. Apolinar Reynoso-Hernandez, and L. Aguilar-Lobo, “Compact microstrip lowpass-bandpass diplexer using radial stubs,” Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 485–489, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.1002/mop.31582.
[85] J. L. Urbina-Martínez, J. R. Loo-Yau, J. A. Reynoso-Hernández, and P. Moreno, “Design and simulation of an RF feedback oscillator circuit using conventional X-parameters,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 685–688, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2020.2996588.
[86] E. A. Hernández-Dominguez, J. R. Loo-Yau, A. Sánchez-Ramos, A. Villagran-Gutierrez, P. Moreno, and J. A. Reynoso-Hernández, “Designing a frequency multiplier based on conventional X-parameters,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 63–65, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3180975.
[87] J. Valdés-Rayón, R. S. Murphy-Arteaga, and R. Torres-Torres, “Determination of the contribution of the ground-shield losses to the microwave performance of on-chip coplanar waveguides,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 1594–1601, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2021.3053548.
[88] E. Moctezuma-Pascual and R. Torres-Torres, “CAD-oriented equivalent circuit modeling of a two-port ground-shielded MIM capacitor,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 923–927, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TED.2020.3041429.
[89] G. Méndez-Jerónimo and R. Torres-Torres, “Identifying the loss components contributing to the series resistance of shielded on-chip coplanar waveguide interconnects,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 2208–2215, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2019.2908849.
[90] Y. Rodríguez-Velásquez, R. S. Murphy-Arteaga, and R. Torres-Torres, “Modeling microwave connectors used as signal launchers for microstrip lines of different widths,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 32, no. 11, pp. 1295–1298, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2022.3179927.
[91] M. A. Tlaxcalteco-Matus, D. A. Chaparro-Ortiz, E. Barajas, and R. Torres-Torres, “Temperature-dependent characterization and RLGC model implementation for a printed circuit board interconnect,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 70, no. 7, pp. 3464–3471, Jul. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2022.3168701.
[92] D. A. Chaparro-Ortiz and R. Torres-Torres, “A stripline width-array method for determining a causal model for the complex permittivity,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 328–331, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2020.3046221.
[93] E. Y. Terán-Bahena, S. C. Sejas-García, and R. Torres-Torres, “Permittivity determination considering the metal surface roughness effect on the microstrip line series inductance and shunt capacitance,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 68, no. 6, pp. 2428–2434, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2020.2979964.
[94] K. N. Olan-Nuñez, R. S. Murphy-Arteaga, and E. Colín-Beltrán, “Miniature patch and slot microstrip arrays for IoT and ISM band applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 102,846–102,854, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2998739.
[95] L. A. Rodríguez-Meneses, C. Gutiérrez-Martínez, L. Tecuapela-Quechol, and R. Murphy, “Compact L-band filter in a k-band radiometer for atmospheric attenuation over line-of-sight links,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Arequipa, Peru, Dec. 2018, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/LAMC.2018.8699062.
[96] R. S. Murphy and R. Torres, “High frequency device characterisation laboratory at the ‘Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE)’, Tonantzintla, Puebla, México,” in Proc. Eur. Microw. Conf. (EuMC), Madrid, Spain, Sep. 2018, pp. 592–595.
[97] J. E. Rayas-Sánchez et al., “Industry-oriented research projects on computer-aided design of high-frequency circuits and systems at ITESO Mexico,” in Proc. Eur. Microw. Conf. (EuMC), Madrid, Spain, Sep. 2018, pp. 588–591.
[98] J. E. Rayas-Sánchez and Z. Brito-Brito, “Applications of Broyden-based input space mapping to modeling and design optimization in high-tech companies in Mexico,” in Proc. Eur. Microw. Conf. (EuMC), Paris, France, Oct. 2019, pp. 272–275, doi: 10.23919/EuMC.2019.8910799.
[99] J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, S. Koziel, and J. W. Bandler, “Advanced RF and microwave design optimization: A journey and a vision of future trends,” IEEE J. Microw., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 481–493, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1109/JMW.2020.3034263.
[100] A. Viveros-Wacher, R. Baca-Baylón, F. E. Rangel-Patiño, J. L. Silva-Cortés, E. A. Vega-Ochoa, and J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, “Fast jitter tolerance testing for high-speed serial links in post-silicon validation,” IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 516–523, Apr. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2021.3122348.
[101] A. E. Moreno-Mojica, J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, and F. J. Leal-Romo, “Optimizing a buck voltage regulator and the number of decoupling capacitors for a PDN application,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Cali, Colombia, May 2021, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/LAMC50424.2021.9601574.
[102] F. J. Leal-Romo, J. L. Chávez-Hurtado, and J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, “Selecting surrogate-based modeling techniques for power integrity analysis,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Arequipa, Peru, Dec. 2018, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/LAMC.2018.8699021.
[103] J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, J. L. Chávez-Hurtado, and Z. Brito-Brito, “Optimization of full-wave EM models by low-order low-dimension polynomial surrogate functionals,” Int. J. Numer. Model., Electron. Netw., Devices Fields, vol. 30, nos. 3–4, May/Aug. 2017, Art. no. e2094, doi: 10.1002/jnm.2094.
[104] A. Viveros-Wacher, J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, and Z. Brito-Brito, “Analog gross fault identification in RF circuits using neural models and constrained parameter extraction,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 2143–2150, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2019.2914106.
[105] J. E. Rayas-Sánchez and J. W. Bandler, “Basic space mapping: A retrospective and its application to design optimization of nonlinear RF and microwave circuits,” in Proc. Eur. Microw. Conf. (EuMC), Milan, Italy, Sep. 2022, pp. 12–15, doi: 10.23919/EuMC54642.2022.9991871.
[106] J. E. Rayas-Sánchez and J. W. Bandler, “System‐level measurement‐based design optimization by space mapping technology,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Int. Microw. Symp. Dig., Denver, CO, USA, Jun. 2022, pp. 118–120, doi: 10.1109/IMS37962.2022.9865412.
[107] F. E. Rangel-Patiño, J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, A. Viveros-Wacher, E. A. Vega-Ochoa, and N. Hakim, “High-speed links receiver optimization in post-silicon validation exploiting Broyden-based input space mapping,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Int. Conf. Numer. EM Mutiphys. Model. Opt. (NEMO), Reykjavik, Iceland, Aug. 2018, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/NEMO.2018.8503099.
[108] J. C. Cervantes-González, J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, C. A. López, J. R. Camacho-Pérez, Z. Brito-Brito, and J. L. Chávez-Hurtado, “Space mapping optimization of handset antennas considering EM effects of mobile phone components and human body,” Int. J. RF Microw. Comput.-Aided Eng., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 121–128, Feb. 2016, doi: 10.1002/mmce.20945.
[109] J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, F. E. Rangel-Patiño, B. Mercado-Casillas, F. Leal-Romo, and J. L. Chávez-Hurtado, “Machine learning techniques and space mapping approaches to enhance signal and power integrity in high-speed links and power delivery networks,” in Proc. IEEE Latin Amer. Symp. Circuits Syst. Dig. (LASCAS), San Jose, Costa Rica, Feb. 2020, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/LASCAS45839.2020.9068994.
[110] R. J. Ruiz-Urbina, F. E. Rangel-Patiño, J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, E. A. Vega-Ochoa, and O. Longoria-Gándara, “Transmitter and receiver equalizers optimization for PCI Express Gen6.0 based on PAM4,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Cali, Colombia, May 2021, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/LAMC50424.2021.9601893.
[111] F. E. Rangel-Patiño et al., “A holistic formulation for system margining and jitter tolerance optimization in industrial post-silicon validation,” IEEE Trans. Emerg. Topics Comput., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 453–463, Apr./Jun. 2020, doi: 10.1109/TETC.2017.2757937.
[112] F. E. Rangel-Patiño, J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, A. Viveros-Wacher, J. L. Chávez-Hurtado, E. A. Vega-Ochoa, and N. Hakim, “Post-silicon receiver equalization metamodeling by artificial neural networks,” IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Design Integr. Circuits Syst., vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 733–740, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TCAD.2018.2834403.
[113] F. E. Rangel-Patiño, J. L. Chávez-Hurtado, A. Viveros-Wacher, J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, and N. Hakim, “System margining surrogate-based optimization in post-silicon validation,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 65, no. 9, pp. 3109–3115, Sep. 2017, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2017.2701368.
[114] A. E. Moreno-Mojica and J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, “Frequency- and time-domain yield optimization of a power delivery network subject to large decoupling capacitor tolerances,” IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Design Integr. Circuits Syst., vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 5610–5620, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1109/TCAD.2022.3163673.
[115] F. J. Leal-Romo, J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, and J. L. Chávez-Hurtado, “Surrogate-based analysis and design optimization of power delivery networks,” IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 2528–2537, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1109/TEMC.2020.2973946.
[116] H. Martínez, S. Alvarez, M. Yarlequé, and R. Cerna, “Experimental evaluation of SAR imaging using FMCW radar at C-band for small UAVs,” in Proc. Int. Conf. Electromagn. Adv. Appl. (ICEAA), Granada, Spain, Sep. 2019, pp. 1327–1327, doi: 10.1109/ICEAA.2019.8879024.
[117] M. A. Yarlequé Medina, H. J. Martínez Odiaga, and S. A. Navarro, “Through-wall movement detection based on S-band FMCW radar: An experimental assessment,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Arequipa, Peru, Dec. 2018, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/LAMC.2018.8699008.
[118] N. Santos-Valdivia, P. Castillo-Araníbar, A. G. Lampérez, and D. Segovia-Vargas, “Compact dual and wide band monopole-like antenna based on SRR for WLAN applications,” in Proc. Eur. Microw. Conf. (EuMC), Utrecht, The Netherlands, Jan. 2021, pp. 428–431, doi: 10.23919/EuMC48046.2021.9338066.
[119] M. C. Huayna, E. San-Roman-Castillo, A. G. Lamperez, and D. Segovia-Vargas, “Design and implementation of a low-cost switch matrix using ultra wide band frequencies for breast cancer detection,” in Proc. Int. Workshop Antenna Technol. (iWAT), Dublin, Ireland, May 2022, pp. 93–96, doi: 10.1109/iWAT54881.2022.9810900.
[120] P. Del Carpio-Concha, A. Nuñez-Flores, R. Acosta-Araníbar, and P. Castillo-Araníbar, “Microwave sensor based on split ring resonators for dielectric characterization of density and viscosity of milk,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Cali, Colombia, May 2021, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/LAMC50424.2021.9601580.
[121] M. A. Fraquet and G. Rafael-Valdivia, “Nonlinear current source model for a GaAs transistor implemented in Verilog-A using pulsed measurements,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Cali, Colombia, May 2021, pp. 1–3, doi: 10.1109/LAMC50424.2021.9601865.
[122] G. Rafael-Valdivia and L. Aruquipa-Callata, “Design of a Doherty power amplifier with GaN technology in the sub-6 GHz band for 5G applications with harmonic suppression,” in Proc. IEEE MTT-S Latin Amer. Microw. Conf. (LAMC), Cali, Colombia, May 2021, pp. 1–4, doi: 10.1109/LAMC50424.2021.9602547.
[123] E. Fernandez-Aranzamendi, E. San-Román, P. Castillo-Araníbar, L. Ventura, V. González-Posadas, and D. Segovia-Vargas, “Breast tumor classification by age and size based on analysis of dielectric properties performed on in vivo and ex vivo measurements,” in Proc. Int. Workshop Antenna Technol. (iWAT), Dublin, Ireland, May 2022, pp. 192–195, doi: 10.1109/iWAT54881.2022.9811011.
[124] G. Rafael-Valdivia and J. E. Rayas-Sánchez, “The second IEEE MTT-S Latin America microwave conference [Conference Report] ,” IEEE Microw. Mag., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 114–118, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1109/MMM.2019.2945217.
[125] D. E. Mera, R. A. R. Solís, L. Reyes, R. Armstrong, W. J. Hernandez, and A. L. Guzmán-Morales, “A power and performance study of compact L-band total power radiometers for UAV remote sensing based in the processing on ZYNQ and ARM architectures,” IEEE J. Sel. Topics Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens., vol. 15, pp. 1103–1113, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.1109/JSTARS.2021.3131962.
[126] D. E. Mera Romo, R. A. Rodríguez Solís, and L. R. Sostre, “Impact of high level optimizations on power consumption and performance of a small L-band total power radiometer,” in Proc. IEEE Radio Wireless Symp. (RWS), San Antonio, TX, USA, Jan. 2020, pp. 83–86, doi: 10.1109/RWS45077.2020.9050036.
[127] F. Minotta-Zapata and R. A. Rodríguez-Solís, “A clustering method for rain-cell detection in weather nowcasting approaches,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Geosci. Remote Sens. Symp., Yokohama, Japan, Jul. 2019, pp. 3424–3427, doi: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8898920.
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MMM.2023.3242559